Concurrently, the naturist movement (often called nudism) developed in Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a social and health-oriented practice that championed outdoor life, simplicity, and egalitarianism. France became a major center for naturist communities and beaches; established naturist resorts and associations promoted non-sexualized communal nudity as wholesome and liberating. Nudist events, festivals, and gatherings thus found a more accepted niche in French leisure culture than in many other countries.