Spectatorship and moral transformation A critical element of the arena is its audience. The social psychology of crowds in spectacles of domination matters: complicit spectators are not merely passive; they are participants whose gaze sustains the institution. Transforming an arena requires more than freeing captives; it requires remaking the audience. Wonder Woman’s physical interventions can shame perpetrators into retreat and inspire shame in onlookers; Zatanna’s reframing can pivot the audience’s interpretation, converting applause for cruelty into outrage at injustice. Together, they enact a pedagogy: force the institution to collapse, and then reeducate those who watched into bearing ethical responsibility.